The Indian Removal Act And Trail Of Tears Essay - 976 Words

The Indian Removal Act/Trail of Tears Tristan Bennett Central High School November 9, 2015 3rd Period Abstract On May 28, 1830 Andrew Jackson, the president at the time, signed the Indian Removal Act making it a law. The law gave the U.S. government the right to exchange land west of the Mississippi for Indian Territory in the state borders. Some tribes relocated peacefully, but most resisted the relocation. The United States government forced Cherokee Indians to move and 4,000 of them died being relocated giving the forced movement the name â€Å"Trail of Tears.† The Indian Removal Act/Trail of Tears In the early nineteenth century, the United States wanted position in the West, power was still in the hands of Native peoples. The Native Americans outnumbered whites and controlled the resources and routes of movement. Native Americans were not only fighting with the U.S. but with other Indian nations. Natives started to become even more unsettled as the U.S. government removed most eastern Native groups beyond the Mississippi River. The Indians were viewed as standing in the way of the progress of the new nation by the settlers and many other people who were trying to settle the U.S. The settlers who were eager to have land for more cotton pressured the government to gain Indian Territory. Andrew Jackson was the commander of the U.S. Military forces that defeated a faction of the Creek nation that resulted in the Creek Indians losing 22 million acres of land inShow MoreRelatedThe Trail of Tears, Indian Removal Act of 1830 Essay1996 Words   |   8 PagesSarah Nawotny 11/24/2012 ENG 101-I NATIVE AMERICANS: the trail of tears, the indian removal act of 1830, reservation opression I have decided to dive into the depths of the American Indians and the reasoning behind all of the poverty and the oppression of the â€Å"white man.† In doing so I came across a couple of questions that I would like to answer. A). How did the Indian Removal Act of 1830 affect Native American culture, financial status, health, and B). Identity and how is life on the reservationRead MoreThe Indian Removal Act, Fort Laramie Treaties, And The Trail Of Tears1937 Words   |  8 Pagesskinned warriors, and lively dancing. Although these aspects of Native American culture are fascinating, more important is where they fare in our society s past and present. Restrictive laws and acts such as the Indian Removal Act, the Indian Reorganization Act, Fort Laramie treaties, and the Trail of Tears forced Native Americans from their lands. When settlers and the American government saw the resistance of Native Americans to forced assimilation, they resorted to racial discrimination and relo cationRead MoreAmerican History: Native Americans 829 Words   |  3 Pagesthe Natives did not achieve their goal for freedom. The Trail of Tears, being the most tragic event in American history, was due to the Removal Act in the 1830s, the misguidance of President Andrew Jackson, the discovery of gold, and the false promises made to the Native Americans. In the beginning of the 1830s, about 150,000 Native Americans lived on the lands of Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, and Alabama. By the end of the 1830s the Indians were moved out and the few left were workers for the EuropeansRead MoreThe Trail Of Tears By James Collins1452 Words   |  6 PagesJames Collins Donald West History 201 December 1, 2015 TRAIL OF TEARS The trail of tears is also referred to as the period of Indian s removal. It was a period where Native Americans in the U.S were forcefully relocated following the removal of Indian Removal Act of 1830. Those who were forcibly moved were from Cherokee, Muscogee, Seminole, and Chickasaw and Choctaw nations in the southern U.S, an area initially referred to as the Indian Territory. Migration from Cherokee nation had begun in theRead MoreHistory: The Indian Removal Act Essay1108 Words   |  5 Pagesthey needed the Natives out. There were several motives for the removal of the Indians from their lands, to include racism and land lust. Since they first arrived, the white Americans hadn’t been too fond of the Native Americans. They were thought to be highly uncivilized and they had to go. In his letter to Congress addressing the removal of the Indian tribes, President Jackson states the following: â€Å"It will separate the Indians from immediate contact with settlements of whites; free them fromRead MoreKayleigh Poudrier. Hist 221-002. Professor Marram. 31 March1704 Words   |  7 PagesKayleigh Poudrier HIST 221-002 Professor Marram 31 March 2017 It is hard to imagine what it must have felt like to be the Cherokee Indians in the year of 1838. However, in order for one to try to come to some sort of empathetic conclusion, it may be necessary to imagine themselves living and growing up somewhere their whole lives in a place that they love. They would need to imagine having such strong connections to the place that they have called their home and the land surrounding it, and beingRead MoreTrail of Tears: Forceful Removal of Indians in the US837 Words   |  3 PagesThe forceful removal and exodus of thousands of Native Americans from their lands east of the Mississippi River during the 1830s is often called the Trail of Tears. This removal of Native Americans from their lands was a result of the Indian Removal Act of 1830, which was signed by then-President Andrew Jackson one year into his presidency and which President Martin Van Buren ensured was carried out. When Andrew Jackson became President of the United States in 1829, he based his decision of signingRead MoreThe Causes Of The Indian Removal Act?779 Words   |  4 PagesPresident Andrew Jackson urged the Congress to pass the Indian Removal Act of 1830. The Indian Removal Act was also known as The Trail of Tears. This act gave the government the power to force Native Americans to relocate from their homes and properties to west of the Mississippi River. The government desired their land. â€Å"Georgia tried to reclaim this land in 1830, but the Cherokee protested and took the case to the U.S. Supreme Court. The Court decided in favor of the Cherokee, however, the PresidentRead MoreThe Trail Of Tears : American History1631 Words   |  7 PagesWhen people hear about the Trail of Tears, the only thought to really pop up in their mind is a bunch of Indians died while being forced to emigrate from their homes. Many people believe that the Trail of Tears revolves only around the Cherok ee Indians because the name came from their language. Of the Cherokee who made it to the west without death taking them, they called this forced removal, â€Å"Nunna Daul Isunyi—The Trail Where We Cried† (Langguth, 311). The Trail of Tears is a blackspot on AmericanRead MoreThe Impacts Of A Cherokee Story : Trail Of Tears920 Words   |  4 PagesStory: Trail of Tears One of the major atrocities early in the United States (US) expansion came after President Andrew Jackson approved of and signed the Indian Removal Act in 1830. This document set the foundation for what would be known as the Trail of Tears. The Trail of Tears was the forceful relocation of give main Native American tribes from their eastern lands, to newly established territories located west of the Mississippi River (Dwyer, 2014, p. 33). After researching the Trail of Tears’

Importance of English Education Free Essays

A language is a systematic means of communication by the use of sounds or conventional symbols. It is the code we all use to express ourselves and communicate to others. It is a communication by word of mouth. We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of English Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now Language is something specific to humans, that is to say it is the basic capacity that distinguishes humans from all other living beings. Language therefore remains potentially a communicative medium capable of expressing ideas and concepts as well as moods, feelings and attitudes. In general, the most popular language is English. In this computer age, English is the only language that any one can understand. So to say, it has become as an ideal language for expressing our feelings. As we know that we are living in the world of globalization. English language is a common language and is spoken in many countries. No one denies the importance of English language in the present time as global language. It is clear that the English language has become more dominant around the world. There is no doubt that, the English is language of communication between the people with different cultures . It is also the language of computers that help to communicate with the people around the world through Internet technology and e-mail. One of the main reasons why the English is dominant in the present time is that it is used in the field of education by universities and institutes and, they use it in scientific research. On the other hand, the English is an important requirement in most government jobs and private. English is important because for its use in different fields like: Travel Languages differ from country to country and from region to region. Thus, if we happen to travel to another country, either for business or leisure purpose, we are sure to land ourself into great trouble, in case we are not conversant with the native language. In such circumstances, English becomes a great help for us as it is a global language spoken by more than 900 million people across the globe, either as native language or second language. Familiarity to English can get us to communicate with anyone and everyone where we travel, by easily handling the situation. Education People not only travel to places worldwide for business and pleasure, but they leave their homeland and travel to another country for study purpose as well. Travel to any country on this earth and you would find English as the main medium of teaching, as it is practically impossible for a new person to study in the local language of the country. Most of the universities worldwide include English as one of their major subject. English is the first and foremost criteria whether we are applying for a job or we are seeking admission in a reputed college/university/institution. Hence, education has increased the importance of English to a great extent. Internet Though internet has developed into various other languages, English still remains as the main language for most internet users. Most of the information and websites are available in English only and it becomes very difficult to translate every appropriate page into the language of the concerned country. With the growth of the internet into education and E-commerce, English language is sure to grow. Hence, we can say that English language is the most important language in the world which is used in different fields,in which usage of other language is not only difficult but nerly impossible. So, it is known as universal language that is spoken by people all over the world. How to cite Importance of English Education, Papers

Preferred Provider Organization and Primary Care Physician free essay sample

HMOs first emerged in the 1940s with Kaiser Permanente in California and the Health Insurance Plan in New York. However, they were not adopted widely until the 1970s, when health care costs increased and the federal government passed the HMO Act of 1973, which required that companies that offered health insurance and employed more than 25 employees include an HMO option. The law also supplied start-up subsidies for these health plans (Barsukiewicz, Raffel, Raffel, 2010). Example: HMOs often operate on a prospective or prepaid payment system where providers are paid a capitated fee—one flat amount per beneficiary—per month, quarter, or year, regardless of the frequency or quantity of services used (Barsukiewicz, Raffel, Raffel, 2010). In staff model HMOs, such as Kaiser Permanente, providers are salaried, but this arrangement is the exception, not the norm. Example: In group policies, where health insurance is provided through the employer, the employer pays the insurance company a set amount agreed upon in advance. According to Austin and Wetle (2012), employers covered 83% of premium costs for single coverage and 73% for family coverage in 2009. The employee, or beneficiary, paid the difference. Then, the health insurance company pays the provider directly. Example: HMOs have the strictest access structure, called a gatekeeper model, where patients must have a primary care physician (PCP) through whom all care is routed. PCPs decide which diagnostic tests are needed and control access to specialists through referrals, deciding when it is necessary for a patient to seek more expensive specialty care (Barsukiewicz, Raffel, Raffel, 2010). Example: HMOs are usually the least expensive health plans, offer predictable costs for health care, the least administrative paperwork, and cover preventive care (Barsukiewicz, Raffel, Raffel, 2010). However, HMOs also restrict direct access to specialists by requiring referrals by a PCP, requiring patients to see a provider in the HMO network, and often not covering more costly procedures or care options, because care is managed to control excessive or unnecessary care. Providers gain if they provide less care (Austin Wetle, 2012). This incentive could affect patient-provider trust. Example: Advantages of HMOs are that a known amount of revenue is guaranteed and the patient population number is fixed (Austin Wetle, 2012). In addition, if providers use less in services than the capitated fee, they are paid each month to cover the cost of care, they keep the difference. Conversely, if care costs exceed the contracted amount, then the provider must assume that financial risk, which puts providers at a disadvantage if they care for a sicker patient population (Austin Wetle, 2012). HMOs also restrict the covered services, which limits autonomy in medical decision-making. Indemnity In 1929 Baylor Hospital in Texas agreed to provide prepaid care at its hospital for approximately 1,500 teachers (Fox Kongstvedt, Chapter 1: An Overview of Managed Care, 2007). The teachers would receive 21 days yearly of hospitalization in return for the monthly sum they paid Baylor University Hospital. Blue Cross was later developed in the early 1930s to provide the same type of health insurance to other individuals for prepaid medical services. Indemnity plans are considered a traditional health plan due to the fact they were one of the first health policies in the United States. It is a fee-for-service plan as well. Once the patient receives medical care the insurer will then pay for the medical services rendered. With most indemnity plans there is an annual coinsurance maximum, and this amount varies depending on the plan. Once the coinsurance maximum is met, the insurer will pay 100 percent of the medical costs for the remainder of the year (Howell, 2014). There are three options available with an indemnity insurance plan. The first option is the indemnity plan where the insurer pays the insured a set amount daily for a maximum amount of days (Howell, 2014). The other two are both reimbursement plans. The second option is where the insurer pays a percentage of the insureds medical bill. This is typically 80 percent, and the insured is responsible for paying the remaining 20 percent. The third option is where the insurer covers 100 percent of medical care. For all plans, it is usually required to pay an annual deductible before the insurer will pay for any medical services. An indemnity plan is a non-network based plan with open-access. This allows the insured individuals to have flexibility with what doctor, hospital, or health care facility they choose. It is not required to choose a primary care doctor, and referrals are not necessary. Indemnity plans provide patients with flexibility and direct control over their medical care. They can visit a doctor of their choice and they are not forced to choose a primary care physician (Howell, 2014). If their favored physician is not part of a managed health care network the indemnity plan is better for them. There is additional paperwork that the patient will need to submit to be reimbursed for medical treatment. If the paperwork is not submitted correctly and in a timely manner there is a possibility of processing delays (Howell, 2014). Indemnity plans are the most expensive type of health plan. The patient is only reimbursed for services covered by the insurer, and all other services are to be paid in full by the patient. Because there is no set list of providers the patient must remain within, certain physicians may not have an agreement with the insurance company to provide care at a specific rate. The physician is able to receive the costs for services up front to guarantee they are getting what they charge. They may or may not help the patient with the required paperwork to submit for reimbursement. This saves the physician time and resources if they choose to receive funds in full before services, leave the paperwork to be handled by the insured patient. Consumer-directed health plan Consumer-directed health plans (CDHPs) were the result of public backlash against managed care and the rise in health care expenditures (Bundorf, 2012). CDHPs emerged in the late 1990s (Bundorf, 2012). They were intended to control costs by shifting responsibility for health care decision making from the insurer to the patient. Patients with CDHPs are required to pay for medical services rendered in a fee-for-service type payment plan. The patient pays for the costs out of pocket until the maximum out-of-pocket limit has been met. Once that limit has been exceeded, the insurance company will then cover additional costs. The insurer will reimburse the medical provider fully, or a portion of, once a claim has been submitted (AET). With a CDHP the patient is required to pay 100 percent of medical and pharmacy expenses at a discounted price for their plans contract until the yearly deductible has been met. For most plans the minimum for a single individual is $1,250, and for a family it is between $2,500-$3,000. Once the yearly deductible has been met, the patient will be required to cover a certain percentage of the cost for care received. The percentage varies based on whether the patient decided to see an in-network provider or an out of network provider, as well as who they have the CDHP with. Generally, if the patient stays in network they would only be required to pay for 10-20 percent of the total bill (Dow Corning, n. d. ). However, if the patient visit an out of network provider, they are required to pay 20-30 percent of their costs (Dow Corning, n.d). For some plans once the patient has met the deductible, the insurer will cover 100 percent of their in-network costs. With a CDHP the patient is required to pay 100 percent of medical and pharmacy expenses at a discounted price for their plans contract until the yearly deductible has been met. For most plans the minimum for a single individual is $1,250, and for a family it is between $2,500-$3,000. Once the yearly deductible has been met, the patient will be required to cover a certain percentage of the cost for care received. The percentage varies based on whether the patient decided to see an in-network provider or an out of network provider, as well as who they have the CDHP with. Generally, if the patient stays in network they would only be required to pay for 10-20 percent of the total bill (Dow Corning, n. d. ). However, if the patient visit an out of network provider, they are required to pay 20-30 percent of their costs (Dow Corning, n. d). For some plans once the patient has met the deductible, the insurer will cover 100 percent of their in-network costs. Patients with consumer-driven health plans are given a network of providers that their insurance company contracts with. The patient is not required to choose a primary care physician, and is not required to obtain a referral to see a specialist for medical care ( aetna, 2012). CDHPs can be beneficial to patients who have excellent medical risk profiles and will likely maintain in good health. It is also helpful for the patient to have a higher-than-average financial risk tolerance, otherwise medical care may be deemed too expensive and unobtainable (AscendUSA, 2012). Many patients do not utilize the resources available on their CDHPs website to compare costs and make the most of their plan. This can be linked to how little knowledge and direction patients are actually given on their plan (AscendUSA, 2012). Providers benefit financially when the patient pays for services up-front, before the maximum out-of-pocket limit is met. The services are covered almost immediately, rather than waiting for a claim to be processed and reimbursed. It is possible that CDHPs may cause distrust between the patient and provider if the patient begins to feel that their caregiver is taking advantage of them for monetary gain (AscendUSA, 2012). Point-of-service Point-of-service insurance plans are a hybrid of health maintenance organizations (HMO) and preferred provider organizations (PPO). In the 1900s point-of-service plans were introduced to allow patients insured with Blue Cross and Blue Shield more options with who should provide their healthcare, as well as flexibility to manage costs (Lichtenstein, 2013). Most providers within the point-of-service network are paid a capitated fee. They receive one flat amount per patient, regardless of services rendered. They also operate on a prospective payment system (PPS). The insurance company reimburses the provider an amount that is determined before the patient receive medical services. The patient is responsible for paying a co-payment or co-insurance up front before visiting with the doctor. Once the patient has been seen, the provider will submit claim forms to the insurer for the services rendered. Once the claims are processed the insurer will reimburse the provider (Austin Wetle, 2012). If the patient goes out-of-network, they are required to pay the provider in full for the services and then will be reimbursed by the insurer once they submit the claims. Point-of-service insurance plans have a gatekeeper role. This is the primary care physician for the insured individual. While the patient is not required to gain a referral from their primary care physician to seek medical care services from an out-of-network provider, it is strongly recommended. POS insurance plans try to encourage the use of referrals by making the patient endure higher co-payments and deductibles by choosing an out-of-network physician without referral. If the patient does receive a referral from their primary care physician the point-of-service plan will cover their expenses from services rendered (Small Business Majority, 2013). Point-of-service plans allow the patient t easily go out of the network to see any specialist. This is especially useful for outpatient medical services such as counseling (Gustke, 2013). The patient also has more geographic flexibility. If the patient were to get ill during a vacation, they could visit a care center and receive care. The choices are less limited, especially for those living in a rural area where medical choices may be sparse. The downsides include costly deductibles. Even when the patient remains within the POS network, a copay is required for each visit to the doctor. If the patient chooses to use an out-of-network provider, they may be required to pay a high annual deductible (Gustke, 2013). If the patient never uses an out-of network provider their premium money can be wasted. There is a lot of paperwork required for out-of-network care, and some providers require the fees to be paid in full before services are rendered. Reimbursements can take from three to six months (Gustke, 2013). Most POS plans require a referral, and this could be difficult to get as well as time consuming. When a provider gives medical care to a patient with point-of-service insurance, and they are an in-network provider, they will have additional paperwork to complete and submit on behalf of the patient for the services rendered. The provider will then have to wait until the claim is approved to receive their entitled money. Providers in-network are generally paid on a capitation basis, which may expose them to financial risk for services rendered (POS). Preferred provider organizations Preferred provider organizations (PPOs) began in the 1970s. There were created from, and to change, the rules of fee-for-service care. Preferred provider organizations are meant to encourage the insured to visit physicians and hospitals that have agreed to a predetermined plan as to keep costs down (Kiplinger, 2014). Preferred provider organizations negotiate a contract with providers, specialists, hospitals, and pharmacies to create a network. The providers in that network then agree on a set rate to provide health care services at a lower rate than they normally charge for services (Kiplinger, 2014). PPOs use a prospective and retrospective system. This is to ensure that the provider is only doing medically necessary tests and treatments for the injury being claimed, rather than trying to gain a larger reimbursement. In a preferred provider organization (PPO) the insured will pay a deductible to the insurer. Once the deductible has been paid, the insurer will then cover medical expenses incurred. Preventative care services are not subject to the deductible, however (Kiplinger, 2014). For some, the insured will also have a co-payment for certain services or be required to cover a percentage of the total cost for medical services rendered (BlueCross BlueShield, 2014). PPOs are the most common type of open-access plans. PPOs allow the patient to seek medical care with any provider they wish, whether in-network or out-of-network. The patient is not required to obtain a referral from their primary care physician, nor are they required to pick a primary care physician.